Elements Of Art Visual Elements - 2090 Words

Elements of Art Line: The visual element of art that is a continuous mark made on a ground support and has one dimension - length. Lines are a very common part of everyday life. There are different lines that have various directions. Different line direction can suggest movement. The different directions of line are—horizontal, vertical, diagonal, straight, and curved. Lines are considered to be one dimensional and are usually only measured in length. Depending on the thickness, thinness, or boldness of a line, the line can portray a variety of different moods and character. Horizontal lines go across - left to right. Vertical lines go up and down. Diagonal lines angle either up from left to right or down from left to right. Curved lines turn any number of ways. †¢ Space: Space is the element of art that is the void area surrounding and within shapes and forms. Space is an element of art that artists use to create dimension and depth within their compositions. The amount of interest and atmosphere that the artwork can project to the viewer depends upon the successful development of space in a composition. This can dramatically increase the aesthetics of the work. There are two kinds of space, negative and positive. Positive space is the area that the shape or form occupies. Negative space is the empty areas around, above, below, and between the shapes and forms. Space is part of every piece of artwork, whether it is a two-dimensional piece, such as a painting, or aShow MoreRelatedVisual Elements Of Art Falls1236 Words   |  5 PagesAn â€Å"unestablished† piece of art that stuck out to me was railroad tracks. This work of art speaks to me because it reminds me of the many people who were slaves that tried to escape to freedom many year s ago. Their journey was filled with endless runinng trying to escape their old lives filled with danger, and abuse. These individuals were in search of an uknown world that awaited them. Moreover, it is reminiscent of leaving one’s old life behind in search of something new, the unkown. The artisticRead MoreArt Activity Pl Demonstrating The Element Of Space1014 Words   |  5 PagesArt Activity Plan: Demonstrating the Element of Space Art Activity Description: The students will be introduced to Man with a Hoe by Jean-Franà §ois Millet and my artwork. Then the students will learn about the element of art emphasizing on space. Subsequent, students will be invited to analyze our use of space. Students will discuss their interpretations of the painting and provide visual evidence to back up their ideas. Following, they will be invited to share their understanding of how the manRead MoreArt, Art And Art915 Words   |  4 PagesArt, one of the most important ways for individuals to express their thoughts and feelings about things. Painting is one of the many artistic forms used to communicate the aforementioned. Paintings are often displayed at museums or art galleries in order to allow people to admire them and analyze their meaning. A painting that is displayed at the Albright-Knox art gallery in Buffalo, New York is La Vie Paysanne. French-Russian artist, Marc Chagall, painted La Vie Paysanne in the year 1925. InRead MoreJoe Tilsons Nine Elements1565 Words   |  7 PagesNine Elements uses a wooden relief with acrylic, pearl and candy paint, to represent those elements that make up mass media pop culture. Tilson uses defined iconography that visually absorbs the viewer through its differentiation within the symmetrically structured borders of the wooden relief. It is a piece that allows the observer freedom to use the representative symbols of senses and concepts present in our every day life to take their own meaning of the piece. Joe Tilson’s Nine Elements, producedRead MoreThe Seven Principles Of Art1012 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding of the seven principles of art. â€Å"The principal of art are the guidelines or the organizing factors in the visual arts that help artists to create designs and control how viewers likely react to art images and objects.† The topics that are included in this chapter are unity and variety; proportion; balance; emphasis; pattern and repetition; rhythm and movement. All of these topics demonstrates how they tie in with one another to create a piece of art. To elaborate more on the topics discussedRead MoreImportance of Art Education Essay1410 Words   |  6 PagesThe arts are everywhere in our lives and have always been an important part of human daily experiences. The arts also are an enormous economic force in our world from fashion to design to the entertainment business; all are multibillion-dollar industries. Numerous studies have shown a positive correlation between a balanced and comprehensive education in the arts and high student standardized tests. A comprehensive arts education program helps students develop self-esteem, self-discipline, cooperativeRead MoreArt as a Mirror of Society678 Words   |  3 PagesART AS A MIRROR OF SOCIETY Art is seen as mirror of our society. It is therefore a source of communication put into meaning by ones ideology and inspiration, which allows us to related to Art in our own way. Visual Arts evokes conversation and seeks to solve problems of creativity and visual communication which has become a dominant global, social, racial, political, religious and capitalist force. The commercialization and commodification of this Visual Art shapes perceptions of visual culturesRead MoreAnalysis Of Run Lola Run And Street Art I Love You 1030 Words   |  5 PagesLola Run and street art ‘I love you’ by Banksy both explore distinctively visual elements though various film techniques and visual techniques. The two texts aim to manipulate the way in which we explore and interpret the images we are exposed to in our world. One main reason these pieces interrelate is because both texts utilise various techniques in order to create distinctively visual elements which explores the basic aspects of life-love, time and chance. Banksy’s street art, ‘I love you’ expressesRead MoreElements and Principles of 3d Design1588 Words   |  7 PagesThe Elements and Principles of Three-Dimensional Design Design: v. to mark out, to plan, purpose, intend... n. a plan conceived in the mind, of something to be done... n. adaptation of means to end... The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary Elements of 3-D Design Space: distance, area, volume; physical space independent of what occupies it; absolute space. Line: the edge or outline of a form, the meeting of planes; linear materials include: wire, wood, metal rod, string or any materials withRead MoreThe Futurist Movement Of Art1172 Words   |  5 PagesThe Futurist movement of art has been regarded as a movement of â€Å"artistic rupture. It was the rupture of the already existing genres and verse forms, categories such as â€Å"prose† and â€Å"verse†, and also phenomena’s like â€Å"art† and â€Å"life† were put to question†[ ]. Futurism brought about the first collages and the different forms of the arts such as poetry, painting music and theater had started to be brought together into something new [ ]. Development in the movement of futurism brought about what we

An Allegory of Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalysis Theory in...

Sigmund Freud, an Austrian psychologist, once said that â€Å"the ego is not master in its own house.† The novelLord of the Flies, written by William Golding, is an allegory for Sigmund Freud’s theory on the superego, the ego, and the id, and the constant struggle between the three psyches, which leads to a man becomingcrazy. The three characters in the novel which represent the three psyches are; the Lord of the Flies, Ralph, and Simon. The island that the boys are stranded on can be interpreted as the mind of the man. Simon’s death and the hunt for Ralph are both plot events that symbolize the struggle between the three psyches. The above quote is indicating that the ego is the consciousness in our mind, and though one would think that†¦show more content†¦At this point the boys have gone crazy and have no longing for civilization, and their fear of guilt is nonexistent. This plot event symbolizes that the id in the patient’s mind is now trying to destroy the ego. At this point of time, Simon, who is the superego, is murdered by the rest of the boys on the island. Now that the man no longer has a superego, the ego cannot do anything except please the id, therefore the id is winning, because of its overpowering desires. In the conclusion of the novel, when Jack and his tribe are about to kill Ralph, they all stumble upon a naval officer who had come to rescue them. This event represents that the mind has gone completely insane, and it has lost its superego. The naval officer represents the external help from a doctor or from society that the mind receives. When the officer arrives, all the boys start to cry; because they realize that what they have been doing is wrong. This could symbolize that the patient is recovering by the help of the doctor. These two plot events greatly support the allegory of a patient who is going crazy due to the struggle occurring in his mind. In the mind there are three psyches, the id, the ego, and the superego. They are always at struggle with the other. An allegoryof an insane person’s mind that loses his touch of humanity and almost falls

Wgu Kot 2 Free Essays

string(26) " is a duty to do no harm\." Medicare, the Uninsured, and International Healthcare Review Western Governors University Medicare, the Uninsured, and International Healthcare Review Healthcare and healthcare reform are hot topics of debate in today’s society. As the population grows and life expectancy increases, the nation faces many challenges in providing healthcare benefits to the people. â€Å"According to the report, titled Income, Poverty and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2010, 49. We will write a custom essay sample on Wgu Kot 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now 9 million Americans or 16. 3 percent of the total US population had no health insurance in 2010. That percentage represents a slight increase on 2009’s figures, when 49 million citizens or 16. 1 percent of the population was uninsured† (Gamser, 2011). Unless there is a turnaround in their economic downfall, unemployment rate, and healthcare reform these numbers will most likely continue to increase. This paper will discuss some of these issues and how they impact two different families. The paper will look at Mrs. Zwick, a 77-year-old female who was hospitalized for five days following a minor stroke and is then transferred to the skilled nursing facility for rehabilitation. Her rehabilitation is delayed 10 days into her stay due to a hospital acquired urinary tract infection. Discussion will include coverage for her medical care using Medicare Part A, Part B and Part D. Discussion will also include how the hospital acquired infection is not reimbursed by Medicare. Finally the paper will discuss how Mr. Davis, a gentleman with chronic sickle cell anemia and loses his job position due to his illness, will have the option to continue insurance coverage by way of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA). Discussion will include two challenges that state or local government face when providing care for the uninsured with long-term or chronic illnesses. Elaboration on one of the challenges will be further described. Due to his frustrations with loss of his employment, healthcare coverage, and his chronic sickle cell anemia, Mr. Davis verbalizes he wish he lived in another country. Through investigation of healthcare in Great Britain, Japan, Germany, and Switzerland this paper will discuss which of these countries would best benefit Mr. Davis if you ere to become a citizen there. Mrs. Zwick was hospitalized for five days following a mild stroke, and then transferred to a skilled nursing facility for rehabilitation with projected discharge in 21 days. However it is discovered that she developed a hospital acquired urinary tract infection 10 days into her rehabilitation requires IV antibiotics to treat. The infection leads per week and unable to continue her rehabilitation until the urina ry tract infection is cleared. As a result, instead of 21 days in rehabilitation she has to stay 40 days. When discharged she was giving a prescription for several medications and a walker. Her daughter inquires about the bills from other is insured with Medicare Part A, Part B and Part D and asks the nurse if she can explain the benefits to her. Medicare Part A, which is also known as hospital insurance, is usually provided free since Medicare taxes are paid into the program while working. â€Å"Part A is hospital insurance that helps cover inpatient care in hospitals, skilled nursing facility, hospice, and home health care† (Medicare. gov, n. d. ). Cherry and Jacob (2011, p. 28) states that Medicare is a federal health insurance plan for Americans 65 and older and certain disabled people. The client must be eligible for Social Security or Railroad retirement. The nurse would explain that Medicare Part A will cover the cost of the hospital stay as well as the skilled nursing and rehabilitation stay. Medicare Part B she explains is considered to be the medical insurance. This will cover services such as physician services, services and supplies that are needed to diagnose and treat her medical condition and would also cover certain preventative services such as flu vaccines (Medicare. ov, n. d. ). This would cover the rehabilitation services that her mother has received while in the rehabilitation center as well as the walker that was prescribed by the physician at the time of discharge. Medicare Part D is the prescription drug plan. There are various options under this portion of Medicare and depending on the one that your mother has chosen would base the amount of coverage that she would receive for prescription medications. This does not necessarily cover the full cost of the prescription medications; there are deductibles and copayments that must be met. The hospital acquired rinary tract infection that Mrs. Zwick developed during her hospital stay is not covered by Medicare. Research of an article in Medical News Today states: â€Å"Starting in 2009, M edicare, the US government’s health insurance program for elderly and disabled Americans, will not cover the costs of â€Å"preventable† conditions, mistakes and infections resulting from a hospital stay. So for instance, if you are on Medicare and you pick up a hospital acquired infection while you are being treated for something that is covered by Medicare, the extra cost of treating the hospital acquired infection will no longer be paid for by Medicare. Instead, the bill will be picked up by the hospital itself since the rules don’t allow the hospital to charge it to you† (Paddock, 2007). Healthcare acquired infections (HAI) not only contribute to exorbitant amounts of financial burden on the healthcare system but also attribute to staggering numbers of patient deaths. â€Å"Healthcare acquired infections (HAIs) are infections that patients contract while receiving treatment for medical and surgical conditions. The U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that HAIs contracted in U. S. ospitals account for approximately two million infections, 99,000 deaths, and an estimated $4. 5 billion in excess costs annually† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009) More recent results show a very minuscule decline in these types of infections. It is but a mere scratch at the surface of the deeply rooted problem within our healthcare systems. There are ethical implications as well in treating Mrs. Zwick’s healthcare acquired infection. As healthcare providers, there is a duty to do no harm. You read "Wgu Kot 2" in category "Essay examples" Ethically we must do the right thing as an advocate for patient safety. To attain these standards the healthcare provider must diligently be cognizant of infection control measures and ways to improve current practice. Examples include strict hand hygiene, aseptic technique, and current best practice as defined by evidenced based medicine. The continuous monitoring and surveillance of all healthcare acquired infections looking for trends. Perhaps it is a specific hospital unit or employee. These identifiers will assist through education and competency in the correction and prevention of future occurrences. Healthcare as a whole also has an ethical obligation to make known to the patient, patient families and the community these HAI’s when discovered. This paper will now focus on Mr. Davis who was terminated by his employer for extended absences due to hospitalizations from chronic sickle cell anemia. Even though Mr. Davis is unemployed his employer must offer him the opportunity to continue his healthcare benefit under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA). COBRA requires employers with more than 20 employees to provide the employee and his family the opportunity to continue medical benefits for up to 18 months. This includes voluntary or involuntary job loss, decreased work hours, changing jobs, and various life changing events. The employee may be responsible for paying the entire premium to continue this healthcare coverage. COBRA can also impose fines of up to $110 per day to employers that fail to offer continued healthcare benefits to the separated employee. (U. S. Department of Labor, n. d. ) Should Mr. Davis remain unemployed beyond the 18 month limit imposed by COBRA, state and local government are usually called upon to provide assistance. There are options available but often times these require months or even years to get assistance and quite frequently require the assistance of an attorney to receive benefits. Medicaid is probably the most widely known and the recommended source of state medical assistance. The Medicaid program is a federal and state grant program that used primarily for the disabled, low income families with dependent children, and people who are confined in nursing homes with low income levels. The state is responsible for setting the guidelines of eligibility for this program. Once Medicaid is approved for an individual, the coverage can be retroactive for up to three months from the time it was approved. Indigent and underinsured medical care must be funded by state and local government. This challenge is usually met through taxation. Each municipality and sometimes healthcare district must budget to provide care for its citizens through state and local tax. Depending on the economic region this can present a huge challenge. For example, areas of Florida where migrant farmers are present may have to budget more for healthcare than a wealthier district such as West Palm Beach. So in reality, all working citizens pay for the indigent healthcare in their particular municipality. In Texas such budgeting and care is known as the Indigent Health Care and Treatment Act passed in 1985. This act spells out what basic services must be allowed for the indigent in each county. If more care is provided then it is the local governments’ responsibility to pay for it. Other state and local programs may include State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) which is also a state and national government run program designed for families that don’t meet the minimum requirements for Medicaid due to income even though the income is still modestly below poverty level. Local and state governments may also provide other benefits such as free clinics, public health, Meals on Wheels, subsidized housing, discounted transportation services, food stamps, and free or discounted childcare for working parents. Local consumers have even pitched in by providing either free or drastically reduced prescription medications that are commonly prescribed to provide assistance during these tough economic times. Mr. Davis had mentioned in his frustration that at times he wished he lived in another country. His hope would be that healthcare would be more accessible to him. This paper will look at the healthcare system of four different countries Great Britain, Japan, Germany, and Switzerland. After a brief review of the healthcare systems in these countries this paper will focus on one country’s health care system that would benefit Mr. Davis the most. Discussion of this country’s healthcare system will examine areas such as medication coverage, pre-existing conditions coverage, requirements if necessary for healthcare specialist evaluation and the access for retired people, children, and the unemployed. The healthcare system in Great Britain is considered to be socialized medicine. Basically what this means is that the citizens of Great Britain pay taxes for health care and in return the government-run National Health Service (NHS) provides and pays those funds to healthcare providers. There are no fees when a patient sees a physician since most physicians and nurses are government employees. In order to see a specialist patients must first visit there general practitioner for a referral. Physician visits are free; however there are fees for prescription medications. â€Å"Young people and the elderly are exempt from all drug co-pays† (Public Broadcast System, n. d. ). A major problem with this healthcare system according to Tanner (2008 p. 4) is the extremely long waits for healthcare and depending upon the patient’s severity of illness, a procedure such as an open heart surgery for someone deemed too ill or too old by the government may be denied treatment. Switzerland has long been considered to have one of the best healthcare systems in the world. However it is not without its drawbacks. The overall cost for healthcare and Switzerland is second only to the United States. Even still is far less than what the United States spends on healthcare. All residents residing in Switzerland are required to purchase basic healthcare insurance with them three months of residency. Swiss law requires all citizens to purchase a basic package of health insurance, an individual mandate. The term basic benefits package is somewhat misleading since the required benefits are quite extensive, including inpatient and outpatient care, care for the elderly and the physically and mentally handicapped, long-term nursing home care, diagnostic tests, prescription drugs, and complementary and alternative therapies. (Tanner, 2008 p. 25) The Swiss government does provide assistance for those that are low income and can’t afford to pay the healthcare premiums. It is expected that citizens pay no more than 10% of their income on healthcare premiums. Referrals to specialists are not required by the primary care physician. There are no exclusions for pre-existing conditions. Private rooms in the hospital and dental insurance require a supplemental policy and are not covered in the basic plan. Healthcare in Germany is based primarily on two types of insurances, public and private insurance. Anyone earning a salary in Germany must have public health insurance. This public health insurance covers not only the employee of German citizenship but all nonworking dependents as well. There is no added cost for pre-existing conditions. Pregnant women are provided public health insurance for free. The premium for the insurance is around 5% of the person’s total income. Referrals are not required to see a specialist but higher co-pay may be charged. If a person opts out of the public health insurance for private insurance he cannot go back later to the public health insurance, even if income drops below the level required for private insurance (Underwood, 2009). The unemployed people are covered through a social fund which pays the physicians fee. This paper will now discuss the healthcare system in Japan. The Japan healthcare system would probably be the most beneficial for Mr. Davis of the four countries that we have researched. There are two types of healthcare insurance in Japan, National Health Insurance and Employees’ Health Insurance. Anyone who cannot afford healthcare insurance is provided with public assistance. The premium for the Employees’ Health Insurance is usually split between the employer and the employee; although there are some companies that will pay more. â€Å"Everyone in Japan is covered by insurance for medical and dental care and drugs. Insurers do not compete, and they all cover the same services and drugs for the same price† (Arnquist, 2009). The government decides on the fee schedule. Insurance premiums are not held or inflated for pre-existing conditions. Premiums are based on taxable income for the National Health Insurance. This insurance is for the self-employed, retirees and students. â€Å"The financial resources for unemployment benefits are covered by insurance premiums paid by employees and employers (they equally bear the amount equivalent to 0. 8% of workers’ wages) and by the National Treasury† (The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, 2011). Healthcare is free for all children under the age of six. So as a result Mr. Davis would be well covered under Japan’s healthcare system. Mr. Davis will have coverage for his medications, he would be able to see any specialist of his choice although a premium might be added without having a referral, and there is no denial or rate increase for pre-existing conditions and the healthcare system provides for children, the unemployed and retired persons. In summation, this paper has discussed Medicaid Part A, B, and D. There is discussion on how COBRA would help Mr. Davis continue his insurance while he’s out of work. There has been discussion of at least two challenges that both local and state government would face in providing care for Mr. Davis. And then finally there is some discussion of healthcare in Great Britain, Germany, Switzerland, and of course Japan which is the system that was chosen for Mr. Davis. While researching this paper it is discovered that healthcare reform is needed not only in the United States of America but throughout the entire world as well. The hope is that one day everyone will be afforded some type of healthcare coverage. References Arnquist, S. (2009, August 25). Health care abroad: Japan. Retrieved from http://www. prescriptions. blogs. nytimes. com/2009/08/25/health-care-abroad-japan/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009, December 31). Healthcare acquired infection and prevention plan. Retrieved from http://www. cdc. gov/HAI/pdfs/stateplans/or. pdf Cherry, B. , Jacob, S. R. (2011). Contemporary Nursing issues, trends, management (5th ed. ). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Gamser, M. (2011, September 16). US Census Shows Little Change in Number of Uninsured Americans. Retrieved from http://www. globalsurance. com/blog/us-census-shows-little-change-in-number-of-uninsured-americans-420520. tml Medicare. gov (n. d. ). Medicare Benefits. Retrieved from http://www. medicare. gov/navagation/medicare-basics/medicare-benefits/part-a. aspx? AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1 Paddock, C. (2007, August 20). Medicare will not pay for hospital mistakes and infections, new rules. Retrieved from http://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/80074. php Public Broadcast System (n . d. ). Sick around the world. Retrieved from http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/pages/frontline/sickaroundtheworld/countries/ Tanner, M. (2008, March 18). The grass is not always greener: a look at national health care systems around the world. Retrieved from http://www. scribd. com/doc/13673626/–the–grass–is–not-always–greener–a–look–at–national–health–care-systems–around–the–world–Cato–policy–analysis–no–613– The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (2011). Second periodic report by the government of Japan under articles 16 and 17 of the international covenant on economic, social and cultural rights. Retrieved from http://www. mofa. go. jp/policy/human/econo_rep2/article9. html U. S. Department of Labor (n. d. ). Health plans benefits, continuation of health coverage-COBRA. Retrieved from http://www. dol. gov/dol/topic/health-plans/cobra. htm Underwood, A. (2009, How to cite Wgu Kot 2, Essay examples

Marketing Plan Of Central Queensland University †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Plan Of Central Queensland University. Answer: Introduction: Themarketing plan pertaining to Central Queensland University (CQU) entails numerous sets of internal and external analysis reflecting upon different aspects of the university. The report begins with a background study pertaining to CQU followed by summarizing and analysis the market of educational institutions in Australia. The demand analysis delves towards evaluating the prospects of CQU. Moreover, the segmentation and target market analysis focuses on reviewing and evaluating the different sets of market segment in the education sector in Australia. PEST analysis and competitors analysis facilitate external environmental analysis for the university. Moreover, through value and brand positioning analysis, the value creating abilities of CQU in terms of facilitating educational services are reviewed. Themarketing strategy and competitive strategy pertaining to CQU have been enumerated in the current study along with the creation of marketing budget. Background of the study: Central Queensland University has its main campus based in North Rockhampton along with a vast presence in all of Australia with over 20 campuses all over the nation including campuses in the metropolitan cities in Australia. Prior to becoming a university in 1992, CQU, it has been known as the Queensland Institute of Technology (About Us - CQU. 2017). The university is more popularly known as CQUniversity. The University first offered Bachelor of Science program back in the year 1979 with a total student strength of the university being 825 in that academic year. But the student strength of CQU increased considerably after initiation of distance education learning. The University currently has a student strength to the tune of over 35,000 and is ranked amongst the top100 young universities in the world occupying 90th rank along with being amongst the top 400 universities worldwide (Timeshighereducation.com, 2017). The university offers over 300 educational and training courses varyi ng from short-term courses and certificates to undergraduate, graduate and research studies (About Us - CQU. 2017). The university facilitated excellent education in several subject streams varying from law and management degrees to humanities to technology driven courses. Moreover, specialized programs based upon health sciences and service industry are also facilitated in the university. Market summary: Australia is one of the most preferred educational destination after US and UK for international students seeking higher education. The revenue generated by the Australian education sector from incoming international students in the last academic period stands close to AU$ 20 billion dollars (Education.gov.au 2017). The majority of the top universities in Australia have a higher proportion of international students to the tune of over 20% of overall student strength with CQU itself having over 5000 international students amongst its 24 campuses across Australia along with online course enrollments by overseas students. Australian education sector caters to over 750,000 domestic students annually in addition to catering towards international students through offering over 22,000 courses across 1,100 educational institutions in terms of graduate, undergraduate, research and vocational training degrees. The quality of the courses and curriculums provided by the Australian educational in stitutions are regulated by the Tertiary Education Quality Standards Agency (TEQSA). The education sector has facilitated towards job creation to the tune of 130,000 in the Australian economy with the education sector being valued at $21 billion (Ministers.education.gov.au 2017). Demand analysis: The demand for the courses in the Australia educational sector can be gauged by the revenue generation to the tune of AU$ 20 billion from the influx of international students seeking higher education degrees from Australian educational institutions. Earlier, the education sector in Australia was estimated to contribute around AU$ 19.5 billion to the economy, whereas the actual figure turned out to be nearer to AU$ 21 billion, which is AU$ 1 billion more than previously estimated (Ministers.education.gov.au 2017). The demand for higher education is primarily catered by the 43 universities in Australia. The most popular courses in the Australian universities and other educational institutions comprises of courses on Business Management, Health Sciences, and Humanities followed by Engineering and Information Technology Courses (Studyinaustralia.gov.au 2017). Being amongst the top universities in Australia along with a presence in over 24 locations has facilitated towards increasing the demand for CQU courses both in terms of undergraduate and graduate studies as well as training courses. Courses pertaining to business, accounting and law are the most popular CQU courses amongst the prospective domestic and international students followed by engineering courses (Gladstoneobserver.com.au 2017). Moreover, in terms of employment opportunities graduates of oral health, business courses and electrical engineering courses at CQU are showcasing the highest employability resulting towards the enhancement of demand for these courses. Moreover, there tends to be a high degree of demand for online distance education courses both from students based in overseas as well as students engaged in other full-time employments. Segmentation and Target market analysis: Baker (2014) mentioned that market segmentation is prerequisite towards the determination of marketing strategy. This is because the effectiveness of such strategy is dependent upon the identification of prospective consumers of the products or services that are offered by the marketer. The Australian education sector can be segmented based upon demographic attributes. In terms of figures, it is showcased that over 1 million of the domestic population in Australia have enrolled towards tertiary education with the majority of them opting for undergraduate courses while a sizeable proportion of such population being engaged towards vocational training (Profile.id.com.au, 2017). CQU does not differentiate between male and female students seeking enrollment and the selection of students pertaining to the different sets of courses are primarily based upon the merit of the students. CQU, as like other educational institutions, segregate the prospective students based upon the subject of in terest. For instance, the students are segregated into the category of art students, humanities students, business and accounting students, health sciences undergrads and engineering students and cater towards each segment through different sets of marketing strategies. Moreover, the population of the prospective students is also segmented into international students and domestic student. In addition, further segmentation pertaining to students to be enrolled at CQU are based upon whether such students shall be undertaking regular courses at the university or shall be opting towards online-based distance education courses. The medium for promotional activities is different based upon the nature of the targeted segments. The enrollment facilities are merit based and the differentiation in terms of course fees are dependent upon the nature of the course, whether the students is domestic or international or whether the student is a member of the Aboriginal community or a resident of To rres Strait Island. PEST analysis: Political Solomon (2014) mentioned that political factors tend to have deep underpinnings upon the various sectors and industries based upon in an economy. In terms of Australia, having a stable political environment in the country facilitates towards enhancement in its educational sector. This is owing to the fact that the government has considerable number of committees and department supervising and regulating the educational and academic environment in universities and other educational institutions in Australia. The Tertiary Education Quality Standards Agency (TEQSA) is the primary regulatory authority that evaluates the quality of education provided at the tertiary level in Australian and looks after the teaching practices and curriculums throughout the institutions offering tertiary education. Moreover, the Australian Education Regulation 2013 also impacts the educational infrastructure of the country coupled with the Vocational Education and Training (VET) regulators that regulate the curriculum and vocational services provided by the countrys educational institutions. Economic Lusch Vargo (2014) mentioned that the economic repercussions pertaining to the development of a sector or industry have. The education sector in Australia is the most major contributor towards exporting services after the tourism sector and solely through incoming international students generates revenues close to $20 billion annually (Monitor.icef.com, 2017). In terms of employment generation, the higher education sector in Australia facilitates employment of over 130,000 in the university and educational institutions comprising of teaching staff and non-teaching employees. Moreover, the influx of international students for the pursuit of higher education in Australia facilitates towards improvement in diplomatic relationships with other nations which result towards enhancement in trading relations fostering towards economic development. The economic growth arising from the influx of international students is primarily driven by the Chinese market owing to the reason that over 27% of the Australian education export earnings are derived from Chinese students annually (Monitor.icef.com 2017). Social Leonidou et al. (2013) mentioned that the social and cultural composition pertaining to a nation has a significant impact upon various sections of the society and has a relevant degree of indirect influences upon the different sectors in the nation. The presence of a robust and inclusive education system in Australia facilitates minority communities such as Aborigines towards improving their literacy rates resulting towards increasing degree of employment opportunities and economic betterment. Moreover, the social life is highly inclusive and tolerant towards the visitors belonging to other cultures and ethnicities. Thereby, in terms of international students visiting Australian in pursuance of higher studies the cultural and social atmosphere prevalent in Australia is student friendly and facilitates towards educational growth. Moreover, the coexistence of many communities in Australia in harmony and prevalence of religious tolerance facilitates towards a student environment conduci ve towards educational and academic growth. Technology Australia has one of the best higher education infrastructures around the world resulting towards a high degree of the influx of international students. Sheth Sisodia (2015) mentioned in the context of technological infrastructure that a robust technology-based infrastructure facilitates towards economic development as well as influencing various sectors of the economy in a highly productive manner. Technological development has a profound impact on the education sector in general and especially towards higher education. The use of cutting-edge technology in terms of impartment of education as well as relying upon the technological medium in order to promote educational courses towards domestic and international students by the educational institutions are primarily facilitated through advancement in technology. In terms of enrollment or towards furthering of research activities in universities as well as the smooth functioning of online based distance education courses are all faci litated through utilization of technological advancement. Competitor analysis: Griffith University is a major competitor of CQU and caters to over 50,000 students in both regular courses as well as distance education courses that are facilitated online. The university has five campuses in Australia in Gold Coast, Logan, Brisbane, Queensland, Mt Gravatt and South Bank. The university was established in the year 1971 and is headed by Chancellor Henry Smerdon and vice-chancellor Ian O'Connor. The academic departments in the university are segregated into four major sections comprising of Arts, Law Education, Griffith Business School, Griffith Health and Griffith Sciences (Griffith.edu.au 2017). The aim of the university is towards engaging in outstanding scholarship that has a high degree of impact towards the society along with emphasis on facilitating groundbreaking researches in its campuses. The primary objective of the university is towards becoming the most influential educational institution in Australia with a considerable recognition as an educational in stitution in Asia Pacific region as well as recognizing and valuing culture and educational diversity in its campuses (Griffith.edu.au 2017). The university positions itself as an innovation driven educational institution with strong academic prowess in terms of various subject streams. The university has an Office of Marketing and Communications that maintains the online website platforms and social networking sites facilitating online promotional activities. Moreover, the office also initiates events and on-campus promotions across schools in Australia for facilitating the enrollment of domestic students in the university. Moreover, the marketing and communications office at the University undertakes various online awareness programs regarding the degrees and certified programs offered by the universities towards its prospective domestic and international students. SWOT analysis: Strength Considerable presence in the Australian education sector with 24 campuses around Australia Catering towards educational services of over 35,000 students Offering over 300 courses in graduate, undergraduate, research studies and vocational training programs Weakness Limited international exposure with absence of offshore campuses Limited and inadequate degree of presence in metropolitan areas in Australia with small sized campuses with low student capacity in metropolitan areas Opportunity Increase in the number of internet users throughout the globe, as well as betterment of connectivity across borders, facilitates opportunity towards attracting international students Technological improvement facilitating offering of online based distance education courses by the university resulting in increasing number of enrollments Threats Severe degree of competition from other universities based in Australia Comparatively less efficient research facilities at the university as compared to top Australian universities Aggressive marketing tactics by other universities towards attracting international students Value and brand positioning analysis: Zeriti et al. (2014) stated that value positioning by an organization results towards evaluation of an organization's products and services by its prospective customers. The value positioning pertaining to CQU arises out of the differentiated services that are provided to the prospective students at its campuses. The educational services at CQU are disseminated between the establishment of campus, study center, study hub and delivery site. Services are differentiated between the four forms of CQU establishment where campus and delivery sites facilitate full component of their program. Whereas study center is a smaller version of campus and the study hub is primarily a facility for the students to utilize internet and computing facilities. In terms of brand positioning, the university positions itself as an educational instruction that is driven by innovation. Moreover, the company capitalizes upon its presence in 24 different locations across Australia along with course offerings of over 300 courses in order to position itself as a university facilitating courses in locations with the varied cost of livings and cultural environments. Proposed marketing aim and promotional objective for 2018: The proposed marketing aim pertaining to CQU should be towards reaching out to more number of international students both through its official website and social networking sites as well as through conducting and participating in overseas education fairs. Moreover, using school campus promotional campaigns in order to attract more number of enrolments by domestic students in the university. In addition, CQU should emphasize upon its presence in over 24 locations around Australia along with offering over 300 courses towards attracting students that are more international. Since international students bring in larger revenues as opposed to domestic students and students enrolled in online courses thereby the primary target of the marketing campaign shall have to be international students. Marketing mix strategies: Products CQU provides educational services pertaining to various streams and subjects ranging from business management courses to accountancy courses to humanities to technology-based engineering courses. The university offers over 300 courses and certificate programs that are aimed towards facilitating undergraduate, graduate and research based degrees along with offering various vocational training and courses. Price There is a prevalence of differentiated pricing in terms of charging enrollment fees and tuition fees from domestic and international students with international students paying more for enrollment in courses. Moreover, the course fees also differ based on the subjects covered in the courses. For instance, business management and engineering courses have a higher enrollment and tuition fees as compared to courses on humanities. Promotion The promotional activities of CQU are undertaken through different marketing channels. The most effective promotional activities comprise of online marketing campaigns through using the university's official website and social networking sites to reach out to both domestic and international students. Moreover, campus promotions in schools across Australia along with participation in an education fair in Australia and abroad facilitate promotional activities. Place CQU has a presence in over 24 locations across Australia with large and small campuses in various locations including metropolitan cities. The considerable presence in Australia enables the university towards catering to over 35,000 students annually. Competitive strategies: The university focuses towards intensive marketing of its online courses because the costs of facilitating courses online by CQU are lower than regular courses. Since the enrollments and course fees are more for the international students as compared to the domestic students thereby it is justified that the university primarily targets international students as compared to domestic students. Through its presence in Australia through 24 different campuses, CQU reiterates towards its mission of providing quality education anywhere across Australia from the metropolitan cities to the nations interiors. Media and budget allocation for 2018: Marketing Budget for 2018 Particulars Amount ($) Market research 100,000 Website Marketing 400,000 Marketing in Social Networking Sites 700,000 School campus marketing 500,000 Print marketing 300,000 Participation in domestic education fairs 250,000 Participation in international education fairs 700,000 Total 2,950,000 Market research is highly required in terms of strategizing the marketing campaign owing to stiff competitions from other universities in terms of attracting students. The emphasis upon online marketing is considerable owing to the fact that reaching out to both domestic and international students is efficiently facilitated through online marketing channels. Moreover, school campus marketing and participations in international education fairs are highly effective towards attracting domestic and international students respectively. Expected outcome: The expected outcome from the marketing activities pertaining to CQU shall be towards increasing the degree of enrollments of international students since the emphasis of the marketing campaigns is towards the prospective students from abroad. Moreover, through various school campuses promotion, the awareness regarding the courses and training provided by CQU are communicated to the domestic students. Conclusion: The current study entailed a thorough evaluation pertaining to internal and external analysis of CQU. The various forms of analysis undertaken through in the current study facilitated towards providing an overview pertaining to the education sector in Australia along with an enumeration of different factors that are affecting the enrollment prospects of CQU. References: About Us - CQU. (2017).Cqu.edu.au. Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://www.cqu.edu.au/about-us). Baker, M. J. (2014).Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. Education.gov.au (2017). Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://www.education.gov.au/higher-education-0) Gladstoneobserver.com.au (2017). Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://www.gladstoneobserver.com.au/news/engineering-still-popular-course-cqu/2903095/) Griffith.edu.au (2017). Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://www.griffith.edu.au/about-griffith/governance/mission-statement) Gummesson, E., Kuusela, H., Nrvnen, E. (2014). Reinventing marketing strategy by recasting supplier/customer roles.Journal of Service Management,25(2), 228-240. Leonidou, L. C., Leonidou, C. N., Fotiadis, T. A., Zeriti, A. (2013). Resources and capabilities as drivers of hotel environmental marketing strategy: Implications for competitive advantage and performance.Tourism Management,35, 94-110. Lusch, R. F., Vargo, S. L. (2014).The service-dominant logic of marketing: Dialog, debate, and directions. Routledge. Ministers.education.gov.au (2017). Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://ministers.education.gov.au/colbeck/australias-international-education-sector-worth-more-previously-estimated) Monitor.icef.com (2017). Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://monitor.icef.com/2016/11/australias-education-exports-surpass-aus20-billion/) Profile.id.com.au (2017). Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://profile.id.com.au/australia/qualifications) Sheth, J. N., Sisodia, R. S. (2015).Does marketing need reform?: Fresh perspectives on the future. Routledge. Solomon, M. R. (2014).Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being(Vol. 10). Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Studyinaustralia.gov.au (2017). Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://www.studyinaustralia.gov.au/explore-australia/explore-australia) Studyinaustralia.gov.au (2017). Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://www.studyinaustralia.gov.au/explore-australia/explore-australia) Timeshighereducation.com (2017). Retrieved 30 May 2017, from (https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/central-queensland-university#ranking-dataset/612573) Zeriti, A., Robson, M. J., Spyropoulou, S., Leonidou, C. N. (2014). Sustainable export marketing strategy fit and performance.Journal of International Marketing,22(4), 44-66.

Mass Media Representation of Men and Women

The contemporary society is made up of different kinds of people shaped by the ideas represented in the media and the popular culture.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mass Media Representation of Men and Women specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Generally, the ideal man is portrayed according to the views of the media and in most cases; many individuals do everything possible to resemble the people represented in the media. Being a black American in a white society has its difficulties as many stereotypes are associated with this particular race. All these stereotypes and differences are majorly influenced by the ideas represented in the media. This is further exacerbated by the position the media plays as an influential agent of socialization that has the capacity to influence even the other agents of socialization such as peers, the family and the family or school institutions. JHally in his documentary â€Å"Des ire, sex and power in music videos†, talks about women and men who are represented in an overly exaggerated manner as opposed to a real representation. He describes the women represented in music videos as a fantasy of the adolescents. The ideal woman is defined as one who is slim and light skinned in complexion, with blonde hair being overly exaggerated as a mark of beauty. The men portrayed in the music videos are also associated with certain features, which include the masculinity aspect.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A real man is supposed to be masculine and thus, the girls who get to watch such kind of men may end up losing partners in their lives because they always look for the ideal man as represented in music videos and other visual media. Relationships are represented in a stereotypical manner. For instance, in Katz video â€Å"Tough Guise†, he an alyzes violence, media and crisis in masculinity. In this video, masculinity is analyzed in terms of relationships that exist between the male and other males and the males and females. In both videos, the aspects of racism, classism and heterosexism are represented. People relate with each other in terms of race and class. Thus, the blacks associate with fellow blacks and the whites too. Heterosexism is an aspect that is not strange according to the whites and according to the â€Å"Tough Guise† video male-male relationships are part of their relationships in their society. However, these two videos are against the stereotypes associated with human beings as they urge people to watch all videos with a critical eye. The directors of these videos say that, the media and popular culture can influence our thinking and lifestyle in a great way albeit all the views they represent are not true. The ideas and views in these videos are a mere representation of the adolescents’ fantasies. These representations relate to what I am today since, have always thought that the media represents the perfect man.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mass Media Representation of Men and Women specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Popular culture has had an effect on me, as I have lived to believe that women who are viewed as pretty are petite and light skinned. On the other hand, a man should be masculine for him to qualify as a real man. This exercise has changed my way of thinking as I have learnt that; the men, women and everything that the media represents are all purposely meant to attract an audience. The advertisements, music, and films represent people who are a creation of fiction and not reality. Their representation in the media is more influenced by the need to paint a certain mental picture that only represents what should be ideal as opposed to what should be a reality. This essay on Mass Media Representation of Men and Women was written and submitted by user Saanvi I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Good People David Lindsay Abaire Essays

Good People David Lindsay Abaire Essays Good People David Lindsay Abaire Essay Good People David Lindsay Abaire Essay Some churches do that, but not SST. Vinci?s. And your grandmother had passed by then, so there was no dinner to go to. So your mother goes into Flagmans, and shes out to here. (indicates belly) Whens Jimmys birthday? STEVE January. Right, so shes out to here, and in this big coat. Remember that black coat she always wore? Yeah. And shes walking up and down the aisles, slipping things in the pockets potatoes, and Cans Of cranberry sauce, cookies, because you guys goat eat, right? So she gets whatever she can fit in that big coat, and comes waddling up to my register. And know somethings up, but I cant quite figure it out. So, Im like, Hey Mary, how are the kids? And she doesnt want talk obviously, shes just trying to push through the line, Oh, thefts good, I was just looking for something, but you dont have it, so Im goanna try someplace else. And then the ham falls out of her coat. It hits the floor right between her legs. A ham. Boom. And I swear to god, she didnt miss a beat. She looks up, real mad, and yells, Who threw that ham at me?! (really laughing now) : Oh, we died. Everybody there. Yaw had to laugh. Who threw that ham at me? She was a funny iconoclastic. Pardon my French. Look, Margaret-? Youre too young to remember. She never told you that story? (beat) No. God, she was funny. Think about her all the time. Your mother was a good lady. Its a lesson though. Youre lucky you dont smoke. Too young, your mother. You need some new posters, Steve. That one there is pretty corny. You should take it down. Cant. It comes with the office. Well, its corny. And very misleading. Know you dont want talk about why brought/ you in here No, I know. I was late, Im sorry. Its just, the district manager / comes in-? know. It was my Joyce again. You know I cant leave her alone when she gets auto sorts. And I pay Dot Leave a little bit to keep an eye on her, but Dots not the most reliable. Right, but the district manager comes down on me about it. No, I know, that guys an ass pardon my French, but thats what he is. Maybe, but hes also my boss. And he looks over those punch-cards. Okay. No, not okay. Youre late every day. Twenty, thirty minutes. Yesterday it was almost an hour. Its not every day. Pretty much it is, and that reflects badly on me. Pep my employees in line. He wants to know why I cant You have to explain about Joyce. I keep trying to get her into a program, but SSH?s too old for most fem.. And SSH?s not functional / enough to get a explained it to him, but theres only so much / we can-? Its not just me, Steve. Karen calls in sick every couple days. Yeah, well, Im talking to Karen next. Well, while youve got her in here , you should ask her why she tells everyone youre gay. What? She says youre gay. (more bemused than offended) Im not gay. Know. So why does she say that? Because you go to bingo. That makes me gay? m just saying what Karen says to people. You go to bingo a lot. More than I do. More than Karen does. Like bingo. Obviously. Plenty of men go to bingo. Wouldnt say plenty, butyrate. Freddy Gleason goes to bingo. Frank Moore. A few old-timers, but yeah, thats what I Eve been telling her. Okay, it doesnt matt-? Theses not what were talking about. Are you goanna bring it up with her though? No, that has nothing to do with-? Im going to say to her exactly what Im saying to you. The district manager came / in-? SSH?s late a lot more than I am. And she says youre gay. Margaret now youre not gay, and I tell her that, because youre dating whats her name. Dont know if thats supposed to be a secret, or whatever, but everybody knows that. Not Karen, obviously, but everybody knows that. Can you stop, please? Im talking about right now, and thats it The district manager came / in-? Okay, I understand. Ive been late, and wont be anymore. You can tell him I got the warning. No, this isnt a warning. Youve had warnings. / Ive given you You know I cant leave Joyce alone. You know that. Shes like a baby. And Dotted doesnt always show up when shes supposed to. So what am I / supposed to- Its not like I have a choice in this. If I dont let you go then I get fired. What do you mean, let me go? Told you it could happen. Now, come / on-? Every week the district manager comes in here to look at those punch-cards. Wont be late again. Tell him promise. Cover for you all the time, and he wont have it anymore. He wants me to let you go. Ill get somebody else to look after Joyce. Youve said that before. This is about the Chinese girl, isnt it. No, and shes not Chinese. She might be a little faster at the register, but she makes more mistakes. First of all, you know thats not true. / Secondly-? She lives two blocks away! Its easier for her to get here on time! Would listen to me? No, that guy comes in, and looks over your books, and whos getting paid what per hour-? Thats not what this is. And because Ive been here three years, I make a little bit more than the other girls, which costs the company a little bit more money Youre not reliable. You cant say that. I might be late once in a while but-? They dont want unreliable employees. This is a Dollar Store. Who do they think is goanna work here? Is that what I should tell them? What they dont want is someone making nine twenty an hour. And you know thats what this is. Ill talk to my brother. Maybe he can get you something down at Gillette. Gillette? Ill call him this afternoon. Thats just your way of getting me out the door. Ill call Jimmy, I swear to god. Not goanna call me in there. Besides, Ive been to Gillette, its a Fricke sweat-shop. No, it isnt, its a perfectly / fine-? Its all line-work. I cant work a line, Im too old for that. I cant keep up. Im trying to help you. You want help me, let me go back to my register. Its not my choice! Ill take a pay cut, Steve. No. A pay-cut? Margaret, listen to yourself. Know the Chinese girl gets eight sixty an hour, I can make do / on that. SSH?s from Thailand. Itll be tight, but can do eight sixty. Its not about what you get paid. That is bullwhip. Pardon my French, but that is bullwhip and you know it. I never asked for those raises. Only got them because you were required by law to give them to me. It wasnt much, god knows -a nickel here, fifteen cents one time -? but knew when went over nine dollars, you were goanna start looking for an excuse to get rid of me. STEVE You know thats not true. Well if not you, then the district manager was. Or whoever adds up the numbers. Why pay me when you can give minimum wage to Chow Fun? That doesnt help your case, Margaret. The racist stuff What racist stuff? Thats her name. (writes something down) You know thats not her name. What are you writing? You goanna put that in my file now? How Im a racist? Look, you wouldnt even be in here if you werent late. And I wouldnt be late if I didnt have to beg someone to watch my daughter, and I wouldnt have to beg someone if I could afford proper care! And Id have proper care if you didnt pay me a shut wage! Margaret-? Please, Steve. Last time got fired it took me seven months to find something, and that was when things werent so bad. Now? Forget it. I wont be able to find anything. Of course you will. You start asking around / and-? Eight fifteen. You can lower me to eight fifteen. Thats what I started at. Less what youd pay a new girl. Just pretend Im a new girl. I can do eight fifteen. Cant. I cant do that. Im sorry. Its just not working out. (pause) Youre lucky your mothers dead.

International trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International trade - Essay Example At the same time, least productive firms will be forced out and only produce for domestic market, this in turn will also lead to the exit of the least productive firms (Melitz, 2003). The Melitz model uses heterogeneous firms to perform its analysis under the general states of equilibrium. This concept explains how the exit of least productive firms leads to allocation of huge market shares to the well performing firms thus resulting into increase in productivity level. This indicates how certain firms are exposed to many opportunities by exit of the other non-performing ones. This paper also adapts the model for monopolistically competitive firms, that is, only highly competitive firms are given consideration under general equilibrium conditions. In addition, the concept suggests that uncertainty in production is a very important aspect and can help a great deal when trying to explain the behavior of firms. Uncertainty creates a business environment in which the players cannot predi ct the outcome of their competition and each firm therefore competes at its best. Also under this theory, there is an assumption that only the most productive firms that earn positive results remain in the competition. This analysis further puts focus on long run effects of this type of trade on performance and behavior of firms under different levels of productivity. Another very important aspect that this study emphasizes on is the introduction of dynamic future oriented market entry decisions by firms that are facing sunk costs of market entry. The study has focused on the importance of such market cost of such market entries and their effects on the firms’ competition. Description of the model The Melitz model focuses on three aspects to analyze its studies. These include demand, production, and aggregation. These aspects are relative and are majorly the key determinants in decision-makings. Demand Demand relates to consumer preferences. The preferences relating to the re presentative of the consumer can be got by CES utility function all over a range of goods that is represented by the company. The function below can be used in this analysis (w)q dw]1/p ? represent the value of the mass of the goods available. The available goods are considered a substitute which implies that P is less than 1, but greater than 0. 0 1 Consumer behavior in regards to demand can be analyzed by considering a set of products that the consumer takes against the aggregate price of the commodities. The presence of simultaneous entry and exit during the state of steady equilibrium can be attributed to the sunken market entry cost. It also explains the survival probabilities of exporting firms in the market (Johnson, 2010). These aggregates can be applied in deriving optimal consumption and decisions regarding expenditure of various individuals. Production The industry has many firms, and each of these firms chooses to produce variety of products w. the production process is viewed to require only one important factor, that is labor. The factor of production labor L is in-elastically available at its total level. The technological level of these firms is represented by cost functions hat show constant marginal cost that is characterized by fixed overhead cost. Labor used can therefore be represented using linear function for output q i.e 1= f + q/q. An assumption that all firms share similar fixed cost f

Analyse a case of Georgia v Russian Federation Essay

Analyse a case of Georgia v Russian Federation - Essay Example At this time both Georgia and South Ossetia were basically Christian territories. As the time passed by, the increased intermarriages between residents of Georgia and South Ossetia resulted in emergence of autonomous groups which were multi-ethnic (Hafkin, 2009, pp. 222). The attack by Russia in 1990s ruined these relations and heightened political unrest between Russia and Georgia that would further result into a series of incidents that resulting into loss of lives, displacement of people and massive destruction of properties (Nichol, 2008, pp. 4-5). In the case, the question of which of the two states invaded the territories of the other and for what reasons has been a hard one to define. Historically, South Ossetia declared itself an independent state from Georgia in 1990s, this is the incident that led into a civil war between Georgia and South Ossetia militants that lasted for at least three years and led to thousands of deaths and thousands of displacements before an agreement was reached by these two nations in 1992 (Nichol, 2008, pp. 4; Hafkin, 2009, pp. 222). Was Georgia responsible for these deaths or was it Russia? Russia had a stake in the 1991 war since Russia provided South Ossetia with the necessary arms and mercenaries to fight Georgia. Who was responsible for the deaths and displacement of thousand people? Both Russia and Georgia fully participated in war in one way or another. This did not end here. After reaching a peace agreement between the three states, there still existed tensions between Russia and Georgia . People from Georgia and Ossetia had to live with mistrust amongst them for Georgia viewed South Ossetia as a tool of Russians to destroy them (Nichol, 2008, pp. 5). According to Toal (2008, pp. 1-2), it is clearly evident that Russia led South Ossetia into a retaliatory fight against Georgia that resulted into numerous damage all over Georgian State. This conflict

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 118

Assignment Example The banking system has played an important role in home mortgages due to their role that has grown in turn in home mortgages to securities. The chain involved in securitization starts with origination of mortgages and sold to one or more financial entities before they end up to mortgage loans that are sold to investors. The value of security obtain is related to value of mortgage loans that are used to back up security paid with interest. The backed up security is paid in interest and those that own homes pay the mortgage loans. The process and stages that shadow banking is involved leads to generation of finance. This makes the process essential in generation of finances. There are differences and similarities that occur in the banks. In similarity, both the banks are seen to perform credit intermediation. However, there are varied differences that occur in the banks. In convention al banks, there is occurrence under the same roof while in shadow banking, giving out of credits occurs through a chain of entities. This makes operation in shadow banking to be more complex than in conventional banks. Another difference that can be noted between the two banks is on the regulations that are involved in acquiring credit. Conventional banks are strictly regulated having access to central bank funding and deposit insurance schemes. In shadow banks, there is little or no regulation since they are not able to access funding from central banks. Shadow banking is also based on wholesale funding. The difference that the banks have on the source of funding also is brought out in conventional banking. Universal banking refers to the condition in which are allowed to give a variety of services to their customers. The banks are not just restricted to provision of services related to loans and savings but also involved in in other services such as investments. In baking category there is banking which considers different aspects.

Information Retrieval from Large Databases: Pattern Mining

Information Retrieval from Large Databases: Pattern Mining Efficient Information Retrieval from Large Databases Using Pattern Mining Kalaivani.T, Muppudathi.M Abstract With the widespread use of databases and explosive growth in their sizes are reason for the attraction of the data mining for retrieving the useful informations. Desktop has been used by tens of millions of people and we have been humbled by its usage and great user feedback. However over the past seven years we have also witnessed some changes in how users store and access their own data, with many moving to web based application. Despite the increasing amount of information available in the internet, storing files in personal computer is a common habit among internet users. The motivation is to develop a local search engine for users to have instant access to their personal information.The quality of extracted features is the key issue to text mining due to the large number of terms, phrases, and noise. Most existing text mining methods are based on term-based approaches which extract terms from a training set for describing relevant information. However, the quality of the extract ed terms in text documents may be not high because of lot of noise in text. For many years, some researchers make use of various phrases that have more semantics than single words to improve the relevance, but many experiments do not support the effective use of phrases since they have low frequency of occurrence, and include many redundant and noise phrases. In this paper, we propose a novel pattern discovery approach for text mining.To evaluate the proposed approach, we adopt the feature extraction method for Information Retrieval (IR). Keywords –Pattern mining, Text mining, Information retrieval, Closed pattern. 1.Introduction In the past decade, for retrieving an information from the large database a significant number of datamining techniques have been presented that includes association rule mining, sequential pattern mining, and closed pattern mining. These methods are used to find out the patterns in a reasonable time frame, but it is difficult to use the discovered pattern in the field of text mining. Text mining is the process of discovering interesting information in the text documents. Information retrieval provide many methods to find the accurate knowledge form the text documents. The most commonly used method for finding the knowledge is the phrase based approaches, but the method have many problems such as phrases have low frequency of occurrence, and there are large number of noisy phrases among them.If the minimum support is decreased then it will create lot of noisy pattern 2.Pattern Classification Method To find the knowledge effectively without the problem of low frequency and misinterpretation a pattern based approach(Pattern classification method) is discovered in this paper. This approach first find out the common character of pattern and evaluates the weight of the terms based on distribution of terms in the discovered pattern. It solves the problem of misinterpretation. The low frequency problem can also be reduced by using the pattern in the negatively trained examples. To discover patterns many algorithms are used such as Apriori algorithm, FP-tree algorithm, but these algorithms does not tell how to use the discovered patterns effectively. The pattern classification method uses closed sequential pattern to deal with large amount of discovered patterns efficiently. It uses the concept of closed pattern in text mining. 2.1 Preprocessing The first step towards handling and analyzing textual data formats in general is to consider the text based information available in free formatted text documents.Real world databases are highly susceptible to noisy, missing, and inconsistent data due to their huge size. These low quality data will lead to low quality mining results. Initially the preprocessing is done with text document while storing the content into desktop systems.Commonly the information would be processed manually by reading thoroughly and then human domain experts would decide whether the information was good or bad (positive or negative). This is expensive in relation to the time and effort required from the domain experts. This method includes two process. 2.1.1 Removing stop words and stem words To begin the automated text classification process the input data needs to be represented in a suitable format for the application of different textual data mining techniques, the first step is to remove the un-necessary information available in the form of stop words.Stop words are words that are deemed irrelevant even though they may appear frequently in the document. These are verbs, conjunctions, disjunctions and pronouns, etc. (e.g. is, am, the, of, an, we, our). These words need to be removed as they are less useful in interpreting the meaning of text. Stemming is defined as the process of conflating the words to their original stem, base or root. Several words are small syntactic variants of each other since they share a common word stem. In this paper simple stemming is applied where words e.g. ‘deliver’, ‘delivering’ and ‘delivered’ are stemmed to ‘deliver’. This method helps to capture whole information carrying term space and also reduces the dimensions of the data which ultimately affects the classification task. There are many algorithms used to implement the stemming method. They are Snowball, Lancaster and the Porter stemmer. Comparing with others Porter stemmer algorithm is an efficient algorithm. It is a simple rule based algorithm that replaces a word by an another. Rules are in the form of (condition)s1->s2 where s1, s2 are words. The replacement can be done in many ways such as, replacing sses by ss, ies by i, replacing past tense and progressive, cleaning up, replac ing y by i, etc. 2.1.2 Weight Calculation The weight of the each term is calculated by multiplying the term frequency and inverse document frequency. Term frequency find the occurrence of the individual terms and counts. Inverse document frequency is a measure of whether a term is common or rare across all documents. Term Frequency: Tf(t,d)=0.5+0.5*f(t,d)/max{f(w,d):wbelongs to d} Where d represents single document and t represents the terms Inverse Document Frequency: IDF(t,D)= log(Total no of doc./No of doc. Containing the term) Where D represents the total number of documents Weight: Wt=Tf*IDF 2.2 Clustering Cluster is a collection of data objects. Similar to one another within the same cluster. Cluster analysis will find similarities between data according to the characteristics found in the data and grouping similar data objects into clusters.Clustering is defined as a process of grouping data or information into groups of similar types using some physical or quantitative measures. It is an unsupervised learning. Cluster analysis used in many applications such as, pattern recognition, data analysis and web for information discovery. Cluster analysis support many types of data like, Data matrix, Interval scaled variables, Nominal variables, Binary variables and variables of mixed types. There are many methods used for clustering. The methods are partitioning methods, hierarchical methods, density based methods, grid based methods and model based methods. In this paper partitioning method is proposed for clustering. 2.2.1 Partitioning methods This method classifies the data into k-groups, which together satisfy the following requirements: (1) each group must contain at least one object, (2) each object must belong to exactly one group. Given a database of n objects, a partitioning method constructs k partitions of the data, where each partition represents a cluster and k 2.2.2 K-means algorithm K-means is one of the simplest unsupervised learning algorithms. It takes the input parameter, k, and partitions a set of n objects into k-clusters so that the resulting intra cluster similarity is high but the inter cluster similarity is low. It is centroid based technique. Cluster similarity is measured in regard to the mean value of the objects in a cluster, which can be viewed as the clusters centroid. Input:k: the number of clusters, D: a data set containing n objects. Output: A set of k clusters. Methods: Select an initial partition with k clusters containing randomly chosen samples, and compute the centroids of the clusters. Generate a new partition by assigning each sample to the closest cluster center. Compute new cluster centers as the centroids of the cluster. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until an optimum value of the criterion function is found or until the cluster membership stabilizes. This algorithm faster than hierarchical clustering. But it is not suitable to discover clusters with non-convex shapes. Fig.1. K-Means Clustering 2.3 Classification It predicts categorical class labels and classifies the data based on the training set and the values in classifying the attribute and uses it in classifying the new data. Data classification is a two step process (1) learning, (2) classification. Learning can be classified into two types supervised and unsupervised learning. The accuracy of a classifier refers to the ability of a given classifier to correctly predict the class label of new or previously unseen data. There are many classification methods are available such as, K-nearest neighbor, Genetic algorithm, Rough Set Approach, and Fuzzy Set approaches.The classification technique measures the nearing occurrence. It assumes the training set includes not only the data in the set but also the desired classification for each item. The classification is done through training samples, where the entire training set includes not only the data in the set, but also the desired classification for each item. The Proposed approaches find the minimum distance from the new or incoming instance to the training samples. On the basis of finding the minimum distance only the closest entries in the training set are considered and thenew item is placed into the classwhich contains the most items of the K. Here classify thesimilarity text documents and file indexing is performed to retrieve the file in effective manner. 3. Result and Discussion The input file is given and initial preprocessing is done with that file. To find the match with any other training sample inverse document frequency is calculated. To find the similarities between documents clustering is performed.Then classification is performed to find the input matches with any of the clusters. If it matches the particular cluster file will be listed.Theclassification techniques classify the various file formats and the report is generated as percentage of files available. The graphical representation shows the clear representation of files available in various formats. This method uses least amount of patterns for concept learning compare to other methods such as, Rocchio, Prob, nGram , the concept based models and the most BM25 and SVM models. The proposed model is achieved the high performance and it determined the relevant information what users want. This method reduces the side effects of noisy patterns because the term weight is not only based on term spac e but it also based on patterns. The proper usage of discovered patterns is used to overcome the misinterpretation problem and provide a feasible solution to effectively exploit the vast amount of patterns generated by data mining algorithms. 4. Conclusion Storing huge amount of files in personal computers is a common habit among internet users, which is essentially justified for the following reasons, 1) The information will not always permanent 2) The retrieval of information differs based on the different query search 3) Location same sites for retrieving information is difficult to remember 4) Obtaining information is not always immediate. But these habits have many drawbacks. It is difficult to find when the data is required.In the Internet, the use of searching techniques is now widespread, but in terms of personal computers, the tools are quite limited. The normal â€Å"Search or â€Å"Find† options take several hours to produce the search result. It acquires more time to predict the desire result where the time consumption is high.The proposed system provides accurate result comparing to normal search.All files are indexed and clustered using the efficient k means techniques so the information retrieved in efficient manner. The best and advanced clustering gadget provides optimized time results.Downtime and power consumption is reduced. 5.References [1]K. Aas and L. Eikvil, ‘’Text Categorization: A Survey,’’ Technical Report NR 941, Norwegian Computing Centre, 1999. [2] R. Agarwal and R.Srikanth, ‘’Fast Algorithm for Mining Association Rules in Large Databases, ‘’ Proc. 20th Int’l Conf. Very Large Data Bases(VLDB’94), pp.478-499, 1994. [3] H. Ahonen, O. Heinonen, M. Klemettinen, and A.I. Verkamo, â€Å"Applying Data Mining Techniques for Descriptive Phrase Extraction in Digital Document Collections,† Proc. IEEE Int’l Forum on Research and Technology Advances in Digital Libraries (ADL ’98), pp. 2-11, 1998. [4] R. 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William Goldings Lord of the Flies Lord Of The Flies: Piggy, Ralph, Ja

Lord Of The Flies is possibly one of the most complex novels of the twentieth century. This complexity and depth is evident when the characters are compared to the psychological teachings of Freud. The book shows examples of this psyche in the characters Jack, Piggy and Ralph and how they change during their time on the island. Towards the end of the eighth chapter it became very apparent that Piggy and Jack both had two very different ideas on how they would survive. Jack thinks that hunting and having fun is key, Jack is more worried with instant gratification and doesn’t worry about what will happen off the island he worries about having fun and living on the island. Piggy is only concerned with keeping the fire lit and getting off the island. Unlike Jack, Piggy believes more in thinking about the future, how they will be saved and how they can endure the time they are on the island. When the fire goes out Piggy cries out at Jack, who was in charge of the fire, â€Å" You and your blood, Jack Merridew! You and your hunting! We might have gone home.† This shows the extent of Piggy’s will to be rescued. As a result of these major differences Jack decides to head down the beach and build a new tribe. He tells the others on the island that with his new clan â€Å"we hunt and feast and have fun†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chap. 8 p140) by announcing this he appeals to the childish more uncivilized collection of the kids. The boys recognized that Jack was a stronger and more self-sufficient chief so many ch...